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Premium research peptides at >99% HPLC-verified purity, third-party tested by Janoshik Analytical with a Certificate of Analysis on every lot. Shipped lab-direct, discreet and cold-chain, worldwide. For laboratory research use only.
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SS-31
Pick your pack · how long it lasts
At 15 mg/wk — select pack size
Lab-direct quality — full packs or single-vial samples
Every batch ships straight from the lab that synthesises it — sealed, tamper-evident, and HPLC-verified to >99% purity with a batch-linked Certificate of Analysis. View the batch Certificate of Analysis → Buying direct means you pay the lab-direct rate on every vial, with nothing stacked on top.
Order a full sealed 10-vial research pack for a complete study supply, or add a single-vial sample alongside your pack to trial a new compound first. Same lab, same batch, same verified purity — scaled to whatever your research needs.
What It's Researched For
In plain terms, SS-31 is studied mainly as a mitochondrial-energy and tissue-protection compound. Here is what that looks like across the research.
Energy & mitochondria
Studied for homing in on the cell power plants and restoring the structure they need to produce energy efficiently.
Heart-tissue protection
In clinical research, investigated for heart failure and damage from interrupted blood flow, with early human trials measuring exercise capacity.
Kidney protection
Animal studies look at whether it shields the kidneys from injury and scarring by cutting mitochondrial stress.
Muscle strength & endurance
Animal studies look at recovery of age-related declines in muscle force and exercise tolerance.
Oxidative-stress & ageing research
Research explores it as an upstream antioxidant that stops cell damage at its source rather than mopping it up afterward.
Overview
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a four-amino-acid peptide that homes in on the inner mitochondrial membrane, anchors to the phospholipid cardiolipin, and restores the structural organisation that the electron transport chain needs to produce ATP efficiently.
SS-31 belongs to a family of Szeto-Schiller peptides designed to cross cell membranes without a transporter and accumulate specifically in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The key design feature is an alternating cationic-aromatic sequence — the positive charges drive membrane crossing, the aromatic residues anchor the peptide in the phospholipid bilayer with high affinity for cardiolipin.
Cardiolipin is a phospholipid found almost exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it acts as a scaffold for the protein complexes that make up the electron transport chain. When cardiolipin becomes oxidised — which happens in ageing, heart failure, and ischaemia — the entire ETC supercomplex architecture destabilises. SS-31 prevents cardiolipin peroxidation, keeping the electron transport chain running and limiting the mitochondrial ROS cascade that flows from that breakdown.
This places SS-31 at a mechanistically upstream position compared to most antioxidants, which simply scavenge free radicals after they are produced. SS-31 targets the site where the ROS originates and restores the structural conditions that prevent it from forming. It is supplied here as sterile lyophilised powder for in-vitro and preclinical research use.
Mechanism of Action
SS-31 accumulates inside the inner mitochondrial membrane, binds cardiolipin, prevents its peroxidation, and restores the structural platform that ETC supercomplexes require for efficient electron transfer and ATP generation.
Szeto (2014, Phytomedicine) established the cardiolipin-binding mechanism and the 1000-fold IMM concentration gradient. Birk et al. (2013, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology) demonstrated cristae-remodelling and ETC supercomplex preservation in cardiac ischaemia models. In the SPAR-01 trial (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction), elamipretide improved 6-minute walk distance and quality-of-life scores. Renal and skeletal-muscle models consistently show ROS reduction, ATP restoration, and downstream attenuation of fibrotic signalling.
Common Questions People Are Asking
What is SS-31 (elamipretide) and what does it do?
SS-31 (elamipretide; D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane and binds the phospholipid cardiolipin. In research models it preserves the structure of the electron transport chain, reduces mitochondrial ROS, and supports ATP production. It is studied as a mitochondrial-protection tool compound and is supplied here for laboratory research only.
What makes SS-31 different from other antioxidants?
Most antioxidants scavenge reactive oxygen species after they have been produced. SS-31 works upstream — it binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane and prevents the structural breakdown that causes the electron transport chain to generate excess ROS in the first place. That makes it a structural/preventive mechanism rather than a scavenging one.
What is cardiolipin and why does it matter?
Cardiolipin is a phospholipid found almost exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It acts as a structural scaffold for the protein complexes of the electron transport chain — specifically promoting their organisation into "supercomplexes" that transfer electrons more efficiently. Cardiolipin peroxidation, which increases with ageing and mitochondrial stress, disrupts these supercomplexes and impairs ATP production.
Has SS-31/Elamipretide been tested in humans, and did the trials work?
Yes — elamipretide has progressed to human clinical trials, including the Phase 3 MMPOWER-3 trial in primary mitochondrial myopathy and TAZPOWER in Barth syndrome. The results were mixed: MMPOWER-3 did not meet its primary endpoints (6-minute walk and fatigue at 24 weeks), while a TAZPOWER open-label extension reported a later 6-minute-walk improvement. It remains investigational and is not approved for therapeutic use; the research-grade SS-31 supplied here is for in-vitro and preclinical use only.
How is SS-31 different from MOTS-c?
Both are mitochondria-related research peptides but act differently. SS-31 is a tetrapeptide that physically anchors in the inner mitochondrial membrane and protects cardiolipin to keep the electron transport chain efficient. MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide that signals through AMPK as an "exercise mimetic". One protects mitochondrial structure; the other triggers metabolic signalling.
What half-life appears in the literature?
In rodent studies SS-31 is cleared rapidly from plasma (around a 2-hour half-life) but accumulates and is retained in mitochondria-rich tissues for far longer, which is why chronic preclinical protocols use intermittent subcutaneous dosing. Published human pharmacokinetics exist only within the elamipretide clinical-trial context. These figures are descriptive of the literature, not a recommendation.
How should SS-31 be stored?
Keep the lyophilised powder frozen at −20 °C. After reconstitution with bacteriostatic water or sterile saline, refrigerate at 1–6 °C and protect from light. SS-31 is a small, relatively stable tetrapeptide within standard peptide-handling conditions.
Where can I buy SS-31?
Right here — SS-31 is supplied directly by New-U Research Compounds on this page. Every batch is independently third-party tested to >99% HPLC purity with a batch-linked Certificate of Analysis, supplied as lyophilised research-grade material, and shipped direct from source worldwide in discreet, tracked packaging. Strictly for laboratory research use only — not for human use.
How much does SS-31 cost?
SS-31 pricing is shown live on this page, per pack size — 10-vial research packs as standard, with single-vial sample options on selected compounds. Larger vial strengths lower the per-mg cost, every order includes the batch Certificate of Analysis, and shipping is free on orders over $300.
Is SS-31 third-party tested?
Yes. Every SS-31 batch is verified by independent laboratories (Janoshik Analytics and Freedom Diagnostics) for identity and purity, with a batch-linked Certificate of Analysis confirming >99% purity by HPLC. Every order ships with its COA, and current batch certificates are published on our COA page.
How do I buy SS-31?
Add the SS-31 pack size you need to your cart and check out: enter your shipping details, then choose your payment method — cryptocurrency or card — on the next step. Every order ships with its batch Certificate of Analysis (COA). SS-31 is supplied strictly for laboratory research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
What payment methods can I use to buy SS-31?
At checkout you can pay by cryptocurrency (BTC, ETH, SOL, LTC, USDC, USDT and more) or by card, each handled by a dedicated secure payment provider. You choose your method after confirming your order.
How fast is shipping, and do you ship worldwide?
Yes — we ship worldwide in discreet, unmarked, temperature-stable, tracked packaging. Delivery typically takes 6–14 business days, and shipping is free on orders over $300.
Is it legal to buy SS-31?
In the United States, SS-31 is sold strictly for laboratory and research purposes only. It is not approved by the FDA for human consumption and is not sold for that purpose. Regulatory status varies by jurisdiction — buyers are responsible for compliance in their own region.
Pharmacokinetics
Evidence Tier
Overall: Mixed (human + animal)
SS-31 (elamipretide) is unusual among research peptides in having reached human phase-3 trials, but the clinical results were mixed — MMPOWER-3 in primary mitochondrial myopathy did not meet its primary endpoints, while TAZPOWER (Barth syndrome) and SPAR-01 (HFpEF) reported 6-minute-walk gains. These sit on a large preclinical base. Elamipretide remains investigational and is not approved for any indication; the material supplied here is unapproved laboratory material.
Tier 1 · Human clinical
Tier 2 · Animal
Source References & Further Reading
Last reviewed: 16 June 2026 · New-U Research Compounds
Key Characteristics
Specifications
About SS-31 (Elamipretide): Mitochondria-Targeted Cardiolipin Protector Research Guide
SS-31 emerged from a research programme by Hazel Szeto and Peter Schiller at Weill Cornell, who were exploring how small peptides with alternating cationic and aromatic residues could be used to deliver compounds directly to the inner mitochondrial membrane. The breakthrough insight was that this structural motif gives the peptide an intrinsic affinity for cardiolipin — a phospholipid almost unique to the IMM — without requiring any active transport machinery.
What makes SS-31 mechanistically unusual is that it is not simply an antioxidant in the conventional sense. It does not scavenge reactive oxygen species in the cytoplasm or circulation. Instead, it prevents ROS from being generated in the first place, by preserving the structural integrity of the electron transport chain. Cardiolipin peroxidation disrupts ETC supercomplexes and drives cytochrome c into a peroxidase conformation that generates additional ROS — SS-31 interrupts that cycle at the cardiolipin step.
Unusually for a research peptide, elamipretide (the INN for SS-31) has reached human clinical trials — programmes such as MMPOWER-3 in primary mitochondrial myopathy and TAZPOWER in Barth syndrome — though results have been mixed: MMPOWER-3 did not meet its primary endpoints, while a TAZPOWER open-label extension reported a 6-minute-walk improvement. New-U Research Compounds supplies SS-31 as a research-grade lyophilised powder at 99.7% HPLC purity, verified by independent third-party labs (Janoshik, task #150228, April 2026). All material is strictly for in-vitro and preclinical research use; SS-31/Elamipretide remains investigational and is not approved for human therapeutic use.
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