Bacteriostatic water is USP-grade sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a preservative - the standard solvent used to reconstitute lyophilised research peptides into injectable solutions.
Almost every peptide on this site is supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder. Lyophilisation removes water from the peptide while preserving its structure, which dramatically extends shelf life - but before the peptide can actually be injected or used in a research protocol, you need to reconstitute it. Bacteriostatic water is the standard solvent for that job.
The "bacteriostatic" part refers to the 0.9% benzyl alcohol added as a preservative. Benzyl alcohol does not kill bacteria outright (which would make the water bactericidal), but it inhibits their growth strongly enough that a multi-dose vial stays sterile for up to 28 days at 2-8 °C once opened. That is the practical advantage over plain sterile water, which would need to be used immediately after opening.
Bacteriostatic water is the minimum required accessory for any peptide research protocol. New-U Research Compounds supplies it as USP-grade, tamper-evident vials for reconstituting lyophilised research peptides.